Scientific Method Answers | Assignmenthippo Assessment Answer

g patterns in work days and weekends has been structured. The explanation of the researcher in this article is somewhat creating the harmful effects on the metabolism. As per the article, it has been seen that many of the workers were found with the different types of sleeping styles during the work days and weekends. The duration between the free days and the working days is considered as ‘metabolic unhealthy’ due to the little fraction between these two timings (Arora and Taheri 2015). However, the study fails to prove the lie-ins that are created due to the obesity related diseases. The journal highlights the sleeping patterns and health simultaneously. In considering such study, the fact can be accepted that due to obesity, people like to lie more in a resting manner. However, the study includes the limitation regarding the explanation about the diseases that are affecting the health.

Method

The article is featuring the cross sectional analysis of a cohort study, which attempts to focus on the clear association between the metabolic markers and obesity. This association is somewhat trying to identify the diseases that are caused due to obesity and social jet lag. The research involves 815 non-shift workers who participated in an ongoing health care programme, which was famous as Dunedin Longitudinal Study. These participants were born between 1972 and 1973 for investigating the bondage between behaviour and health. The people of 38 years of ages were asked to fill a survey form that was filled up with the questions related to the sleep duration, social jet lag, and chronotype. In this research the measurement of social jet lag was performed by subtracting each person’s midpoint of sleep during working days and from the free days (Parsons et al. 2015). Therefore, if a person slept from 12 am to 8am during the workdays, the midpoint should be 4am in this case (Parsons et al. 2015). Similarly, if the person slept from 1am to 11am during the free days, the midpoint was 6am in such case. Hence, the social jet lag would differentiate for 2hours. 

Result

In considering the basic result extracted from the research method is indicating the association of social jet lag with the numerous metabolic dysfunctions as well as obesity. Hence, the higher rate of the social lag jet is leading towards “metabolic unhealthy” obesity. The obese individuals of ‘metabolic unhealthy’ is somewhat liked with the high blood levels of CRP, which is an indicator of inflammation and glycated haemoglobin (Rutters et al. 2014). It has been seen that individuals with higher score if social jet lag is indicating the odd ratio of 1.2% whereas the 95% of confidence interval (CI) is signifying the rate 1.0 to 1.5. In such cases, the risks will be increased. The researcher interpreted the result by referring the consistent possibilities (Knutsson 2003). The researcher even discussed different types of sleeping patterns between two hours. It marks the BMI rate and considers the biomarkers. The socioeconomic status and effects of smoking are also taken into account to address the consequences.

The article reflects the linear regression based on the continuous outcomes derived from BMI (Body Mass Index) or the waist circumference or fat mass. Similarly, the logistic regression highlights the outcomes of dichotomous aspects, which is mainly based in the syndrome of metabolism and obesity. The article also provides the idea of the variable analysis based on social jetlag. The first model (model 1) is featuring the controls for sleep duration, social jetlag, and chronotype whereas model 2 is adding the covariant for smoking. Hence, it can be interpreted that the formulation of the social jetlag is not only influenced by the working hours, also by smoking level. Similarly, the model 3 describes the covariant of model 2. As per the article review, it can be inferred that the researcher has assessed the violations of linearity, homoscedasticity, and visual inspections of histograms. It is to be indicated that P value depends on the efficiency of the variables that has the string influence on the subject matter. The article includes different inflation rates, which determine the exact issue faced by the people. The covariant in the model 3 is classified into different segments. The inflation rate of social jetlag is 1.34, sleep duration is 1.04, and current smoking is 1.20. Therefore, the influence of the social jetlag is much foreseen. This is an appropriate statistical test that has been interpreting the effects of the social jetlag. Since, the discussion is based on the variables related to the obesity and social jetlags, this particular statistical form is indicating the P value. The analysis of the P value along with the visual inspection is determining the discussion based on the subject matter. 

Conclusion

The research has been conducted among 815 non-shift workers. The research study has been much analysing the difference in sleeping patterns of the people in their working days and free days. These patterns are associated with the ‘metabolic unhealthy’ nature and obesity. The study also defines the analytical formulation through the statistical data exploration. However, this cross-sectional study has the proper limitation as well. This cross sectional study has been reflecting the sleep patterns and health simultaneously. On the other hand, the study fails to prove the regular lie-ins, which are creating the severe form of obesity related diseases. Many of the underlying factors have been influencing the apparent relationship between the metabolic makers and obesity. The limitation of the statistical analysis is that this process does not include diet chart of the people in depending on their exercise level. However, in keeping concentration on the statistical analysis, the researcher cannot recommend to eliminate lie-ins. Moreover, it would be better if the employees will be offered with flexible hours to work. In such cases, the staffs would be able to synchronise their week days with the days in weekends. The improvement in the lie-ins would be highlighted more specifically.  

References

Arora, T. and Taheri, S., 2015. Associations among late chronotype, body mass index and dietary behaviors in young adolescents. International Journal of Obesity, 39(1), pp.39-44.

Knutsson, A., 2003. Health disorders of shift workers. Occupational medicine, 53(2), pp.103-108.

Parsons, M.J., Moffitt, T.E., Gregory, A.M., Goldman-Mellor, S., Nolan, P.M., Poulton, R. and Caspi, A., 2015. Social jetlag, obesity and metabolic disorder: investigation in a cohort study. International Journal of Obesity,39(5), pp.842-848.

Rutters, F., Lemmens, S.G., Adam, T.C., Bremmer, M.A., Elders, P.J., Nijpels, G. and Dekker, J.M., 2014. Is social jetlag associated with an adverse endocrine, behavioral, and cardiovascular risk profile?. Journal of biological rhythms.