49309 Quality Planning And Analysis-Materials Assessment Answer

Answer:

This paper is focused on quality planning and analysis for the design and completion of a work that is construction of a house in Perth, Australia. The project is being undertaken by a project management organization named PHC projects in collaboration with Ventura Homes. PHC projects is a national management consultancy that offers services and delivers small to large-scale projects to scope, on time and within budget while delivering outstanding business results. Ventura Homes was established in the year 1993 with a motive of designing and building the most versatile, beautiful and functional homes in Australia.

The construction of the house will be for residential purpose with two storied accommodation along with parking garage. The house will be built in the suburbs however well connected through bus or other transport facilities besides private cars. The house will be located in an environment full of greenery and free from pollution. The house will offer the owner with smooth connectivity and luxury at very affordable pricing along with maintaining high standards in terms of quality of construction and specifications.

The quality planning and analysis activities in context to the work of constructing a house has some important key functions and characteristics that are illustrated as below:

Design Management: The design of the house shall be done in a professional manner so that customer finds it to be attractive and spacious.

Scheduling: The proper time management of the activities required to complete construction of the house is an essential aspect so it has to be done in planning phase.

Materials Management: The materials being procured for construction of the house have to be managed properly during procurement as well as progress of the work.

Crew tracking: The members or workers available for the construction activities have to be managed properly by deploying them to work front and managing their active working hours.

Quality control: There should be a provision to inspect the construction site remotely that is with the help of pictures.

Contract management: Standardized communications have to be maintained and there should be updated record of all communications between client and contractor.

Document management: The documentation of every activity is essential for the success of any project. Hence, every document being prepared have to be distributed among the contractor, client and other stakeholders for reviewing, editing and recording their decisions.

2.1. Stakeholder Analysis

 Capturing the Customer Needs

In this section, the various methods for capturing the needs of customers are illustrated as below:

Research for advertising and promotion – The information in this particular context of determining the efficiency of advertising can be gathered by assessing:

• The likely responses of the customers through testing in a focus group with respect to the marketing and promotional strategies (Orel and Kara 2014).
• The analysis of sales data will help to determine the efficiency of the promotional techniques used in past as well as that have been planned.

Studies on the satisfaction of customers - Customer satisfaction can be determined with the help of surveying customers in context to the quality of product and service provided to customers using:

• Methods that are informal, for example conducting meetings with staffs and evaluating of product or service scorecards.
• The questionnaires focused on past as well as present customers (Zwikael et al. 2014).

Consumer decision process research - The motivation that drives the customers for buying a particular product or service and the process of their decision making can be evaluated using:

• Surveys and questionnaires being prepared by own.
• Results that have been gathered from survey through research on the market which is relevant to the industry.

Concept testing - The testing on acceptance and efficiency of marketing ideas can be done through:

• The surveys to determine if the customers or potential customers find the products to be beneficial and rational to use.
• Conducting individual meetings or focused gatherings with the clients to see how they react to the ideas related to marketing (Krishnan et al. 2013).

Positioning research - The perspective of clients and potential clients about items and execution contrasted with contenders can be accumulated by exploring:

• The deals figures for each of the market portions.
• The states of mind of clients inside each market fragment.

Brand testing - The customers feeling about the brand as well as product names can be determined by:

• Using focus gatherings and studies intended to evaluate enthusiastic reactions to the item and brand names (Bansal and Taylor 2015).
• Engaging marking specialists to study the brand's execution in showcase utilizing existing accessible brand research.

Price testing - It can be worked out on how clients are sensitive to value changes by utilizing equations that measure income duplicating the quantity of things being sold by the cost of everything. These tests permit figuring whether the aggregate income expanded or diminished in the wake of rolling out value improvements by:

• Calculating changes in the amounts of items requested by the clients close by changes in item valuing (Jahanshani et al.2014)
• Measuring the effect of item evaluating on item request.

Auditing of Customer service - The measurement of whether adequate customer service is being provided or not can be done by:

• Developing client reviews or feedback forms
• Conducting client boards or telephone reviews (Bienstock, Mentzer and Kahn 2015)

The summarization of two methods that can be utilized for capturing the needs of customer in this particular context of constructing a house using SWOT analysis is provided as below:

Customer Satisfaction studies

 Price testing

 Customer Needs Analysis (Kano Analysis)

The method “Studies on Customer satisfaction” is the most suitable approach for capturing the needs of customers in this context of constructing a house.

The Kano model is helpful in picking up a careful comprehension on the necessities of customer's. The Kano model addresses three sorts of client necessities, for example,

Fulfilling fundamental needs: Allows an organization to get into the market.

Fulfilling execution needs: Allows an organization to support and stay focused (Tontini, Soilen and Silveira 2013).

Fulfilling excitement needs: Allows an organization to exceed expectations and build up a brand picture.

Dissatisfiers or Basic Needs: These necessities are normally implicit and are normal highlights or attributes of an item or administration.

Satisfiers or Performance Needs: These requirements are commonly talked and Standard attributes that expansion or decline fulfillment by their degree (Goetsch and Davis 2014).

Delighters or Excitement Needs: These requirements likewise are regularly implicit and are surprising highlights or attributes that admires the clients and win the organization an additional credit.

The Kano analysis has been used to capture the customer needs in context to the construction of a house and those are demonstrated as below:

 Translating Customer Needs into Design Requirements (QFD)

 Design Risk Analysis (FMEA)

 Identifying the Components, Elements, Parts, etc.

The construction of the house would require the use of raw materials and many other components for developing the house (Mubarak 2015). These raw materials form the basis of the development of the project construction requirements. The components, their description and their uses for Ventura Homes are listed in the table below:

Developing the Supplier Selection Criteria

HVAC or heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system that would be used for being used at the house development project for Ventura homes. The technology would be selected depending upon the following criteria of analysis for the supplier,

1. Market Reputation:The market reputation of the supplier that would supply the HVAC would be the first and the foremost quality of the selecting criteria for the supplier.
2. Certified System:The supplier must be certified from the state government quality assurance department for getting the HVAC system installed at the houses of Ventura Homes.
3. Eco-friendly and energy efficient:The HVAC system must be eco-friendly and energy efficient for the development of the operations and system integrations.
4. Right Estimation: The supplier must survey the house before estimating the cost of the HVAC that should be deployed and it would be the factor for analysis of the functions.
5. Supports Energy Efficient Equipments: The supplier must be supportive for the development of the energy efficient equipments and tools.
6. Provides Annual Costs: The HVAC system must provide the overview of the annual costs of the cooling and heating process.
7. Right Equipment Sizing: The HVAC system selection depends on the right equipment sizing and it would provide the support for the right cooling or heating across the houses developed for Ventura homes.
8. Quality Products:The HVAC system must be developed for understanding the right and appropriate quality products for the house development of Ventura homes.
9. Belongs to Professional Association:The HVAC system must belong to the professional association and it would be required for the integration of the effective and improved system development.
10. Works Effectively:The project of house development would be implied for working efficiently and it would be one of the criteria for the selection of the work.

Constructing and Using a Supplier Selection System

The supplier selection system for selecting the HVAC or heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system for the house development project for Ventura homes would include the following processes,

Step 1: Analysis of Market Reputation

Step 2: Checking if the supplier supplies Certified System

Step 3: Eco-friendly and energy efficient system supply

Step 4: Right Estimation of the requirements

Step 5: Whether Supports Energy Efficient Equipments

Step 6: Provides Annual Costs is provided or not

Step 7: Right Equipment Sizing is used or not

Step 8: Whether Quality Products are supplied

Step 9: Belongs to Professional Association

Step 10: Would Works Effectively

The developed supplier selection system is based on the criteria of the supplier selection for HVAC and it includes market reputation, certified system, eco-friendly and energy efficient, right estimation, supports energy efficient equipments, provides annual costs, right equipment sizing, provide quality products, belongs to professional association, and works effectively. The selection process would comprise of the development factor for selecting an appropriate supplier for the project. The supplier selection system is integrated with the development of the operational analysis and integration of the process modification.

The supplier selection system for selecting the HVAC or heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system for the house development project for Ventura homes, has provided the selection of the ECOHVAC. ECOHVAC has Excellent market Reputation, and it supplies Certified System for their clients. They are also prone Energy Efficient and Eco-friendly system of HVAC supply. The company provides optimum solution for the operations of the system implementation and is also provides annual cost to the client. The organization would provide the energy efficient equipments for their customer and the right equipment sizing is used for their customers. They have been providing Quality Products and belongs to professional association for working effectively.

Identifying the Processes

Following are the seven processes used to construct of a house in Perth, Australia consists of two storage accommodation includes of parking garage:

Preliminary research: It is done to examine the current house and lifestyle of people where the house is going to construct (Brown and Wetherill 2016). A design brief is developed for construction of the house. A baseline budget is done for which the entire house is constructed.

Selection of designer: This construction project requires a designer for construction of the house. The designer should fit with two categories such as architect and building designer (Darestani and Nasiri 2016). Within Australia, the architect should be regulated and legislation governed from state to state. The designer should have proper degree into architecture.

  Site analysis: The project manager dose site analysis considering climate responsive design, solar access, slope, soil type, storm water drainage and access to transport.

Development and design contract: Before design and construction work started, a design contract should be signed. The designer should work with range of cost per square metre.

Concept design: A conceptual design of the house is done which help to make initial sustainability selection (Thomopoulos 2016). It consists of construction system with fundamental components for the construction.

Design development: The designer should develop the concept of the design into preliminary layout.

Final design: It consists of construction system, window type and size, external finishing, water system, design of landscape, planning of the floor with building form. It includes of interior design in addition to finishes (Parkash, Kumar and Rajoria 2013). 

5.2. Constructing and Using a SPC Chart

5.2.1 Tools as well as techniques used to analyze the quality of the selected process

From 5.1, one of the processes such as site analysis is taken for the statistical process control. The tools as well as techniques used to analyze the quality of the selected process such as:

Histogram: It is used to analyze the quality of a process by showing various values into set of data. It is a graph used to show the distribution of frequency (Jiang 2015).

Cause and effect diagram: It is a tool used to identify as well as display the causes of the problems in addition to characteristics of the quality. It will illustrate the relationship among the provided outcomes and the factors those are influencing the outcomes (Fuangrod et al. 2017). Using this particular diagram, it is mainly used to identify the root causes of the problems those are faced into the site analysis of the construction work. It is used to identify the root causes of the quality problems based on different factors. The group of people can get knowledge about the process so that the work is completed on time (Jensen 2015). It indicates of possible causes of the variations into the process. It is also identified the areas from which the data are to be collected for future study.

Control chart: This particular chart is used to illustrate the stability into the process. It will behave over time. During the recorded time period, the process shows some sort of unacceptable variances, and then the process is showed as unstable. All the data of the quality characteristics are placed as per the time ordered (Bereman et al. 2014). This chart consist central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit as well as lower line for the lower control limit.  By comparison of the data with the historical data, a conclusion will be drawn and based on which the graph is drawn.

5.2.2 Steps followed into SPC analysis and justifications into decisions

Statistical process control (SPC) is used to start of the planning as well as collection of the data. Statistical analysis is used to identify the incorrect data into the project (Lim, Antony and Albliwi 2014). The data analysis should be proper for collection of then data. Following are the steps those are involved into the SPC analysis such as:

Plan: It is used to identify the problem as well as its causes. The quality tools are used in this particular project as it helps to identify the problems as well as its respective causes. It is also used to prioritize the corrective actions.

Do: It is done to make changes which are designed as well as required for making improvement into the process situations (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Proper data analysis is to be done before design of the house.

Study: The study of the causes as well as effects is dependent on the process situation. Therefore, in this particular step control chart is used to show the effects as well as causes into the process over time (Thomopoulos 2016). It is also used to evaluate as well as replicate of the changes into the process. When the changes are made properly, then proper decisions are taken for successful completion of the project work on scheduled time. All the processes are stable then. At first, a preliminary study is done on the construction work, then site analysis is done for the selected location for construction of house in Perth, Australia.

Act: When the result of the analysis is successful, then the changes as well as work are to be improved so that all the identified problems into the project are solved within time. When the outcome of the project work is not successes, then steps are to be considered such as observation of the problems, problem analysis, prioritization and proper control charting. Before use of the statistical analysis tools as well as techniques, all the data are to be collected in addition to analysed properly (Bereman et al. 2014). Quality of a project work is mostly required to proper completion of a project. As it is a construction based project, therefore all the problems should be analyzed properly such as the site, labour, materials used and machines used for the construction.

5.2.3 Results of the SPC analysis with use of proper tools and techniques

Histogram: Before drawing of the histogram, it is assumed that the process is operating accurately during the scheduled time period.

From the histogram of the site analysis, it is analyzed that there are five activities which are done into the site analysis includes of climate responsive design, solar access, slope, soil type, storm water drainage and access to transport. The X-axis shows the activities which are taken place into site analysis while Y-axis shows the percentage of completion of each of the site analysis identified activities. Completion percentage states the quality of the project work. The histogram graph shows that climate responsive design completes 45% of the work, solar access work by 21%, soil type analysis by 30%, storm water drainage by 22% and access to transport by 37%. Therefore, it is seen that climate responsive design completes most of the work as compared to other activities.

Cause and effect diagram: Using this particular diagram, it is mainly used to identify the root causes of the problems those are faced into the site analysis of the construction work. Following the cause and effect diagram of the site analysis process within the construction work of the house:

 From the above diagram, it is analyzed that environment, materials, analysis procedures, design factors, manpower and machine are the problem factors of the main problem related to site analysis. Each of the factors consists of sub-causes of the sub-factor of the main problems. After identification of the causes, the project manager can take of proper decision regarding the causes so that all the problems are to be mitigated on time. Cause and effect diagram is a graphical tool that can used to identify and display of the possible causes of the problems.

From the above graph, it is analyzed that on time, the house construction work is progressed time by time. There is average such as the control line is 10, therefore the quality characteristics which are above the control line is upper control limit and those are below the control line is lower control limit. A control chart is used to find and correct of the problems that are occurred. At the time of prediction of the expected rages of the outcomes from the selected process, site analysis of the house construction. The control chart shows whether the process is stable that is if it is into statistical control or not. This quality improvement project aims to determine the problems that are making fundamental changes into the process. Therefore, this chart is appropriate for controlling of the process data for site analysis.

Identifying Problems and Using Problem-Solving Tools

The five problems for the house development project for Ventura homes are Lack of Materials, Unfavorable Climate, Labor Unrest, Issues in Equipment’s, and Legal Issues (Ashuri and Tavakolan 2013). These issues have been explained below:

Lack of Materials: The lack of materials is a primary problem for the construction of the house development project for Ventura homes. The lack of materials is a major issue that had resulted in forming the issues of the development model (Mungle et al. 2013). The lack of materials is a result of the shortage of the resources for the project and it would tend to employ the major issues in the development of the project. The shortage of the resources would result in forming the delay and excess exhaustion of the monetary value of the project.

Unfavorable Climate: The unfavorable climate is a major factor that has impacted the construction activities. The construction project is dependent on the climatic conditions at the construction site. The unfavorable climate would result in forming the issues of operational development.

Labor Unrest: The labor unrest is a major problem for the construction project and it would tend to the issues in main constructing activities. The labor unrest would tend to form the issues in development of the operational problems.

Issues in Equipments: The issue in equipment handling is due to the lack of the effective management of the operations. The equipments handling would require skilled workers and engineer staffs for ease of handling of the equipments.

Legal Issues: The construction project would tend to form the requirement of the legal documentation and development of the effective integration methods (Olawale and Sun 2015). The legal issues are not aligned with the development of the construction project would tend to form the final issue in operation and development.

Constructing and Using Problem-Solving Tools

From the identified problems in 6.1, issues into equipments are selected. At first, it is required to identify the causes of the problems so that it should be mitigated on time. The main purpose of this particular study is to investigate of the factors behind the lack of equipment issues into the construction industry (Carnmarata, McArthur and Steeb 2014). Into the construction work of the house, tools in addition to equipments are used. Extensive uses of the major equipments are rare into the project. There are issues regarding breakdown of the equipments at the time when it is used, and it may occur due to lack of lack of planned maintenance (Schoenfeld 2014). Most of the equipments used for the construction work are over 20-25 years of manufacturing. Proper planning, maintenance, installation and replacement of the equipments are some of the steps to reduce this identified problem. Two of the problem solving tool is used to overcome with the problem, issues regarding equipments. The two tools are:

Brainstorming: It is one of the problems solving tool which is used for development of creative solutions to the identified problems. It will help the team members to play a role into solving of the problem (McMahon and Miller 2013). A brainstorming session is to be organized for taking decision from the project team members regarding the problem. At first, one of the team members can identify the problem and mitigate it. The team member then searches for the causes and effects of the problem on the project. Analyzing the issues into equipments for house construction, it is seen that the house is built based on equipments such as bull dozer, mixer grinder, crane and others (Frensch and Funke 2014). Therefore, when there is lack of maintenance and operation of those equipments, it causes delay into entire project plan and results in behind the schedule. Into the brainstorming session, all team members can able to provide their respective suggestions on the problem.

Root cause analysis:  It is one of the problems solving method through which it addresses the problems so as to get for the causes of the identified problem. It is a significant requirement to analyze the cause of the problems so that respective solution is required to mitigate the problem on time (Bardach and Patashnik 2015).  The application related to the root because analysis are resolution of the problems, disposition of the materials with use of material review process and finally use of proper action plan. It is considered as fundamental breakdown of the failure for the process that are resolved and prevented from the problems (Proctor 2014). It is considered as a systematic approach that is used to get of the true in addition to proper causes of the process problems.

The root cause of identified problem is done using the factors such as environment, materials, analysis procedures, design factors, manpower and machine. When the factors are identified, then all the causes are also recognized (Carnmarata, McArthur and Steeb 2014). It will provide the causes of the problems and illustrates the relationship among the provided outcomes and the factors those are influencing the results of the project. It will identify the root causes of the problems those are faced into the construction work.  Therefore, this is also used for solving of the problems.

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