Hi6008 Business Research Between Swimming Assessment Answer

Introduction

One of the major causes of deaths around the world is drowning. Many people who do not know how to swim get drowned in various water bodies like swimming pool, lakes, seas and others. The main reasons behind drowning vary widely – some people do not know how to swim, some people get trapped by underwater currents while swimming through a large water body like a river or a sea, some children try to learn swimming but cannot handle the depth of the water and others. Death due to drowning has been a major cause of death and it has been estimated that per every hour, 40 people around the world die due to drowning. Most of the researchers claim that the drowning cases happen due to lack of sufficient swimming skills. However, many children also die due to drowning and they are not expected to have swimming skills. These cases mostly occur because the children do not get sufficient guidance regarding how to swim or are not watched by anybody nearby when they are playing close to a large water body like lakes or large ponds. Even if they do not deliberately dive into the water body, they may fall off into the water and may not be able to swim back.

The presented case is the main focus of this research with the topic being the relationship between swimming and drowning rates with specific emphasis on the cases in Australia. As a part of initiation of the research, this research proposal has been developed that includes a preliminary literature review and the methodology that will be followed throughout the research.

Project Objective

The main objective of this project is to conduct an extensive research based on the cases of death due to drowning. The secondary objectives are as follows.

• To conduct a research on the reported cases of death due to drowning
• To determine the main causes of these deaths
• To determine whether swimming helps people to avoid drowning

Project Scope

The main scope of this project is to investigate the reported cases of death due to drowning and to understand if these deaths happened due to lack of swimming skills or some other reasons. The area of study will be entirely focused on case studies in Australia with some data collected from other countries as well.

Research Hypothesis

H₀: Swimming skills do help people survive in the water and prevent death due to drowning.

H₁: In very large water bodies, due to natural factors like underwater currents, storms and others, swimming skills do not help much as the victim is gradually pulled by the water towards the bottom.

H₂: Sufficient guidance to the children while swimming can help to reduce deaths due to drowning.

Research Design and Research Methodology

Main steps involved in qualitative research are shown below:

• Identifying all problems related to research study.
• Conduct literature review.
• Specifying purpose to carry the research paper, research questions as well as the research hypothesis in the research paper.
• Collection of the data from different research papers.
• Analyzing all the research question.
• Reporting the research questions that are stated.

The Approaches to Reliability involved in quantitative study is the result replicability and the progress of the work. Reliability provides the essence of the research. The validity of the research states that the research that is being carried out for this research paper should be valid and should follow all ethics for carrying out the research study.

Sampling includes three types of sampling including snowball sampling, purposeful sampling as well as quota sampling. The sampling method that is used in this research is to carry out all samples that are required for gathering the data. This research methodology is snowball sampling methodology.

Sample size of qualitative research study depends on the number of papers that are taken for reviewing the research paper. For this research paper, to analyzing all the research question 12 research papers will be taken by the researcher.

Data Collection that is used in qualitative research paper is done through observation process. All the papers are reviewed and observed that mainly focuses on the groups as well as action researchers that are carried out by other researchers.

Variables Specifications involved in qualitative research involves characteristics for observing the research and the participant who are included in the group. The categories involves all the variable specification that are included in the research study.

Quantitative Research

Main steps involved in quatitative research are shown below:

• The theory is to be carried out first for carrying out quantitative research.
• The hypothesis is to be conducted after theory.
• Research design are also to be specified.
• The operational concepts are to be included in research study.
• Research site are also to be specified.
• Respondents who are involved in the research study are to be included.
• The procedure of data collection are to be carried out.
• After data collection, data processing is done.
• A concrete conclusion is needed.


Finally the research is published.

Research Instrument included in quantitative research paper mainly includes Tests and also questionnaires that are to be carried out in the research study. The validity of tests are to be carried out properly and the data that are collected through data collection should be reliable for the research study. The research instrument that are involved in questionnaire method involves

Questionnaire consists of different questions that are ti be asked to the respondents for collecting the data. The test involves research which ensure the knowledge, feeling, intelligence, skill as well as aptitude. The research instrument that will be carried out for this research paper is questionnaire form of research.

Analyzing process of qualitative research identifies all the level of scales that are being measured for nominal, ordinal, ratio, as well as interval. The measurement scales involves module for collecting more information for measurement scaling (Radulescu and Repovs 2015). There are frequencies, percentages, mean, median, mode as well as the range of the variable are involved in analyzing the process. The process of analyzing this research paper frequency is frequency analyzing process.

Sampling in quantitative research includes probability sampling as well as non-probability sampling. The probability sampling uses randomization and also takes the necessary steps for ensuring the members of the group that are involved in the research. The Sample Size includes the number of participants who are involved in the research study. For this research study 50 sample size is required for carrying out the research survey.

Interviewing involves interviews that are carried out with the participants. The interview process are done as face to face communication where the interviewees are asked for based on the study.  Questioner Design involves set of questions that are to be asked to a group of people (Smith 2015). The respondents has the reliability to answer the questions according to their will. This research paper involves the process of carrying out questionnaire for data collection method.

Reliability and Validity of Data in qualitative data collection are related to the researcher. The data that are collected by the researcher should be reliable as well as valid (Zhang and Wildemuth 2016). There should be validity of data that are collected.

Research Limitations

Following are the limitations of the research.

• While the problem has been identified on a global scale, due to academic nature of the project, it will not be possible to conduct the research beyond Australia.
• The problem of death due to drowning is mostly reported in South Asia but only online evidences can be gathered as it will not be possible to travel to those countries.
• The research outcome will be based on the government reports on death due to drowning but there are millions of cases where the deaths were unreported and not documented within the government records.

Time Schedule

Task Name	Duration	Start	Finish
Project Schedule	52 days	Mon 3/09/18	Mon 12/11/18
Research Proposal	14 days	Mon 3/09/18	Thu 20/09/18
Selection of the Topic	2 days	Mon 3/09/18	Tue 4/09/18
Background Research	4 days	Wed 5/09/18	Mon 10/09/18
Project Objective	1 day	Tue 11/09/18	Tue 11/09/18
Literature Review	1 day	Wed 12/09/18	Wed 12/09/18
Research Question and Research Hypothesis	2 days	Thu 13/09/18	Fri 14/09/18
Research Design and Research Methodology	2 days	Mon 17/09/18	Tue 18/09/18
Research Limitations	1 day	Wed 19/09/18	Wed 19/09/18
Preparing Project Schedule	1 day	Thu 20/09/18	Thu 20/09/18
Submission of the Research Proposal	0 days	Thu 20/09/18	Thu 20/09/18
Literature Review	10 days	Fri 21/09/18	Thu 4/10/18
Relationship between usage and ownership of mobile phones	5 days	Fri 21/09/18	Thu 27/09/18
Factors affecting usage and ownership of mobile phones	5 days	Fri 28/09/18	Thu 4/10/18
Data Collection Method	19 days	Fri 5/10/18	Tue 30/10/18
Secondary Research	2 days	Fri 5/10/18	Mon 8/10/18
Primary Research	3 days	Tue 9/10/18	Thu 11/10/18
Selection of the area or population for the data collection	1 day	Fri 12/10/18	Fri 12/10/18
Collection of Data	6 days	Sun 14/10/18	Fri 19/10/18
Analysis of the Collected Data	6 days	Mon 22/10/18	Mon 29/10/18
Draft Submission	1 day	Tue 30/10/18	Tue 30/10/18
Final Project Submission	9 days	Wed 31/10/18	Mon 12/11/18
Detailed Analysis of the findings	5 days	Wed 31/10/18	Tue 6/11/18
Conclusion	2 days	Wed 7/11/18	Thu 8/11/18
Recommendations	1 day	Fri 9/11/18	Fri 9/11/18
Final Submission of the Project Report	1 day	Mon 12/11/18	Mon 12/11/18

 

Conclusion

From the initial analysis, it can be concluded that there is no specific reason behind the deaths of people due to drowning. Although many researchers cite the reason for drowning as the lack of sufficient swimming skills, there are also many other reasons. Drowning due to lack of swimming skills is only mostly valid when the person is drowning in small water body like pond or a small lake. On the other hand, in the large water bodies like large rivers, oceans and seas, even the best of swimmers may drown due to pull of underwater current, ocean storms, whirlpools and others.