IT 420 Spring 2019 Homework 1 Solutions
IT 420
Spring 2019
Homework 1 Solutions
Note: Where applicable, units of the solution must be correct for full credit.
- Answer the following questions concerning chapter 1:
- As an arriving message moves from the network interface layer up to the application layer, headers are ______ .
- added b. removed c. rearranged d. modified
1.2 Which are peer layers?
- The application layer in the sender and the transport layer in the sender
- The application layer in the receiver and the transport layer in the receiver
- The application layer in the sender and the transport layer in the receiver
- The application layer in the sender and the application layer in the receiver
1.3 If the unit exchanged at the network interface layer (layer 2) is called a frame and the unit exchanged at the internet layer (layer 3) is called a packet,
- frames encapsulate packets b. packets encapsulate frames
- both a and b d. neither a nor b
- Choose which layer each of the following phrases describes:
- Application b. Transport c. Internet d. Network Interface e. Physical
___B___ Process to process communication
___E___ Media
__ A___ Interacts with the user
___E____ Encodes data using physical phenomena, such as changing voltage
___C___ Host to host communication
___D____Sends a frame through a single local area network
___D___ Uses physical (MAC) addresses in the header
___C___ Uses IP addresses in the header
___B___ Uses protocol ports in the header
- Assume a five layer TCP/IP model. There are A bytes of application data. A B byte header is added at the transport layer, a C byte header is added at the internet layer and a D byte header is added at the network interface layer. The network interface layer also adds an E byte trailer. Express the answers to the questions below in terms of A, B, C, D, and E.
- How many total bytes are sent to the physical layer?
Physical Layer Bytes = A + B + C + D + E
- What percentage of the bytes sent to the physical layer is overhead?
% overhead = number bytes overhead data in physical layer * 100%
total number of physical layer bytes
= ((B + C + D + E) /( A + B + C + D + E )) * 100%
- How many total bytes are in the transport layer packet?
Transport Layer Packet = A + B
- What percentage of the bytes in the transport layer packet is overhead?
% overhead = number bytes overhead data in transport layer * 100%
total number of transport layer bytes
= (B/( A + B)) * 100%
- In the five-layer networking model, data sent to the physical layer consists of the application data, network interface layer header, network interface layer trailer, internet layer header, and transport layer header. In the diagram of data sent to the physical layer below, label each part using one of the terms above. (Order matters.)
- Answer the following questions concerning chapter 6:
5.1 A signal has 100 possible levels. This signal is
- analog digital c. neither d. cannot be determined
5.2 As the period of a sine wave increases, the frequency __________________ .
- decreases b. increases c. remains the same d. doubles
5.3 A possible unit for analog bandwidth is bits per second.
- true b. false
5.4 A simple sine wave is created by adding multiple composite signals together.
- true b. false
- Match the terms concerning sine waves with their definitions
- Period frequency c. amplitude d. analog bandwidth
__D____ The difference between the high frequency and the low frequency
__B____ The number of cycles per second
__C____ The absolute value of the peak value
__A_____ The time for one cycle
- Write the equation for a sine wave with an amplitude of 3, a frequency of 5, and a phase of π/2.
s(t) =3sin(2π5t + π/2)
- Draw the following sine wave in the time domain, showing amplitude and phase:
s(t) = 4sin (2πt + π)
- What is the phase of each sine wave shown below?
Top: 3π/2
Middle: 0
Bottom: π
- What is the period of a 5 MHz sine wave?
T = 1 / f
= 1 = 1 = 0.2 x 10-6 sec = 0.2µsec
5 MHz 5 x106 cycles/sec cycle
- A sine wave has a period of 4 msec. What is the frequency?
f = 1 / T
= 1 cycle = 1 cycle = 0.25 x 103 cycles = 0.25 KHz
4 msec 4 x 10-3sec sec
- Consider the following composite signal.
f(t) = 2sin(2π5t) + 3sin(2π7t) + 4sin(2π9t)
- Graph this in the frequency domain, showing amplitude and frequency
- Assuming the frequency is in Hertz, what is the analog bandwidth for this signal?
BW = high frequency – low frequency
= 9 - 5
= 4 Hz
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